CAPITVLO VIGESIMOSECVNDO

Demontracion de como el Diestro aplica el plano vertical primario, ò comun, à qualquiera de los planos particualres de ſu contrario, que ſuponemos eſpera, para que tenga mas claridad la explicacion, que ſe haze de la figura que ſigue.

CHAPTER TWENTY TWO

Demonstration of How the Right-Hander Applies the Primary or Common Vertical Plane to Any of the Particular Planes of His Opponent, Who is Assumed to be Waiting, for a Clearer Explanation of the Following Figure.

Ya hemos moſtrado como el Dieſtro aplicarà todos ſu splanos particualres en el plano primario, y comun, dando vna revolucion ſobre el centro de ſu cilindro.

We have already shown how the Right-hander will apply all his particular planes to the primary and common plane by revolving around the center of his cylinder.

Aora conviene moſtrar que dando el Dieſtro ſus compaſes por la circunferencia del Orbe maximo de los medios de proporcion, como podrà ir aplicando el plano vertical primario, y comun en los particulares de ſu contrario; y nos explicamos por medio de la figura que ſe ſigue.

Now it is necessary to show that by giving his compasses around the circumference of the maximum Orb of the means of proportion, how the Right-hander can apply the primary and common vertical plane to the particulars of his opponent. We explain this through the following figure.

Sea dado el Orbe maximo AAAA. deſcripto con el intervalo à A. de ocho pies, que es la diſtancia que ay entre los dos centros, ò axis de los dos cilindros, quando los dos combatientes eſtan afirmados en el medio de proporcion, mirandoe roſtro à roſtro de quadrado, y el circulo M.K.Q.O. deſcripto con el intervalo de tres quartos de pie (que es la baſa del cilindro) en que ſe conſidera el contrario, y el circulo exterior B.H.C.I. deſcripto con el intervalo de dos pies, que es la diſtancia que auy deſde punto A. centro de la figura, y linea de direccion, haſta la extremidad del brazo, ò linea raceta, pueſto en Angulo recto.

Let the maximum Orb AAAA be given, described with an interval at A of eight feet, which is the distance between the two centers or axes of the two cylinders when the two combatants are affirmed in the middle of proportion, facing each other squarely. Let the circle M.K.Q.O. be described with an interval of three-quarters of a foot (which is the base of the cylinder) in which the opponent is considered, and the outer circle B.H.C.I. be described with an interval of two feet, which is the distance from point A, center of the figure, and line of direction, to the extremity of the arm or straight line, placed at a right angle.

Dividanſe todos eſtos circulos en ocho partes iguales, por medio de los quatro Diametros del Orbe maximo AAAA. &c. que todos ſe cortan en el centro del cilindrio del contrario en A.

Divide all these circles into eight equal parts, using the four Diameters of the maximum Orb AAAA. &c., all intersecting at the center of the opponent’s cylinder at A.

Haziendo centros las extremidades de deſtos Diametros AAAA. &c. ſe deſcribiràn en la circunferencia del Orbe maximo ocho figuras iguales en todo à la del centro: el circulo interior de cada vna de ellas Q.O.M.K. repreſenta la baſa del cilindro del Dieſtro, en que le imaginamos que tiene, como ſe ha dicho, pie y medio de Diametro, y el circulo exterior C.I.B.H de quatro pies de Diametro, cuyo Semidiametro A.B. de dos pies, reprefentar la diſtancia que ay deſde la linea de direccion, y centro del cilindro en que ſe hallan los centros de los pies en lineas, haſta la linea raceta, ò extremidad del brazo.

Making centers at the extremities of these Diameters AAAA. &c., eight figures equal in every way to the central one will be described on the circumference of the maximum Orb: the inner circle of each of them Q.O.M.K. represents the base of the Right-hander’s cylinder, in which we imagine he has, as said, a diameter of a foot and a half, and the outer circle C.I.B.H with a diameter of four feet, whose Semidiameter A.B. of two feet represents the distance from the line of direction, and center of the cylinder where the centers of the feet are in lines, to the straight line or extremity of the arm.

Dividanſe eſtos ochos circulos en ocho partes iguales, cada vno con otros quatro Diametros C.B.I.K.E.D.G.F. que ſe corten en el centro A. de cada figura, donde quedaràn divididos en ocho Semidiametros, que repreſentan los ocho planos verticales que hemos imaginado en el Dieſtro, que ſe explican en la forma ſiguiente.

Divide these eight circles into eight equal parts, each with another four Diameters C.B.I.K.E.D.G.F. intersecting at the center A. of each figure, where they will be divided into eight Semidiameters, representing the eight vertical planes we have imagined in the Right-hander, explained in the following way.

La linea A.B. repreſenta el plano vertical del pecho, por paſſar por ella, y por la Diametral, ò vertical del miſmo pecho.

The line A.B. represents the vertical plane of the chest, for passing through it and the Diametral or vertical of the same chest.

La linea A.C. opueſta à la A.B. reprefenta el plano vertical que paſſa por las eſpaldas, porque paſſa por ella, y por la vertical de las miſmas eſpaldas.

The line A.C. opposite to A.B. represents the vertical plane that passes through the back, because it passes through it and the vertical of the same back.

La linea A.D. repreſenta el plano colateral derecho, por paſſar por eſta linea, y por la colateral derecha.

The line A.D. represents the right collateral plane, for passing through this line and the right collateral.

La linea A.E. opueſta à la A.D. repreſenta al plano colateral izquierdo de las eſpaldas, por paſſar por eſta linea, y por la colateral del miſmo lado.

The line A.E. opposite to A.D. represents the left collateral plane of the back, for passing through this line and the collateral of the same side.

La linea A.F. repreſenta el plano colateral del lado izquierdo, por paſſar por eſta linea, y por la miſma colateral.

The line A.F. represents the left collateral plane of the side, for passing through this line and the same collateral.

La linea A.G. reprefenta el plano vertical del lado derecho de las eſpaldas, por paſſar por eſta linea, y por la del miſmo lado.

The line A.G. represents the right vertical plane of the back, for passing through this line and the same side.

La linea A.H. reprefenta el plano vertical del lado derecho, por paſſa por eſta linea, y por la vertical del miſmo lado.

The line A.H. represents the right vertical plane, for passing through this line and the vertical of the same side.

La A.I. repreſenta el plano vertical del lado izquierdo, por paſſa por eſta linea, y por la linea vertical del miſmo lado.

The A.I. represents the left vertical plane, for passing through this line and the vertical line of the same side.

Eſtos ocho planos verticales, que hemos explicado, tienen ſu comun ſeccion con el plano inferior en el centro de la figura, y linea de direccion del cilindro del Dieſtro, que eſtà perpendicular ſobre el punto A.

These eight vertical planes, which we have explained, have their common section with the lower plane at the center of the figure and the line of direction of the Right-hander’s cylinder, which is perpendicular to point A.

Las otras ſiete figuras, que eſtàn tambien en la circunferencia del orbe maximo, ſe deſcribieron con los miſmos intervalos, diviſiones, y letras, que la primera, que dexamos explicada, que eſtà en la circunferencia del miſmo orbe, para que ſe entienda, que dando el Dieſtro ſus compaſes à ſu lado derecho, ò izquierdo, llevarà conſigo eſta primera figura, con ſus planos particulares, y conſideraciones que ſe han hecho de ellos.

The other seven figures, which are also on the circumference of the maximum orb, were described with the same intervals, divisions, and letters as the first one, which we have explained and is on the circumference of the same orb. This is to understand that as the Right-hander gives his compasses to his right or left side, he will carry with him this first figure, with its particular planes and the considerations that have been made of them.

Conviene aora moſtrar como el Dieſtro irà aplicando el plano primario, y comun, por medio de ſus compaſes, à los planos particulares de ſu contrario.

Now it is appropriate to show how the Right-hander will apply the primary and common plane, through his compasses, to the particular planes of his opponent.

Imaginaſe, pues, que eſtando el contraruio afirmado de quadrado, correſpondiente ſu linea de direccion al centro del orbe maximo, y de ſu cilindro a. que el Dieſtro tambien eſtà afirmado de la miſma ſuerte de quadrado en la primera figura ſuya particular en la circunferencia del miſmo orbe maximo, correſpondiente ſu linea de direccion al centro de ella, y de ſu cilindro A. demanera, que el plano vertical del pecho A.B. del Dieſtro, y el plano tambien vertical del pecho del contrario A.B. pequeños, que ambos paſſan por ſus diametrales, eſtan opueſtos, y por ellos paſſa el plano vertical primario, ò comun A.a. que imaginamos entre los dos, como ſe maniſieſta todo por la figura que eſtà en plano, como por los cuerpos que ſe han pueſto en alzado.

Imagine then, with the opponent affirmed squarely, his line of direction corresponding to the center of the maximum orb and of his cylinder a., and the Right-hander is also affirmed in the same way squarely in his particular first figure on the circumference of the same maximum orb, his line of direction corresponding to the center of it, and of his cylinder A. In such a way, that the Right-hander’s vertical chest plane A.B., and the opponent’s vertical chest plane a.b., both passing through their diametrals, are opposed, and through them passes the primary or common vertical plane A.a. that we imagine between the two, as is shown both by the figure in plan and by the bodies that have been placed in elevation.

Eſtando aſsi afirmados, conſideramos que eſte plano vertical primario A.a. paſſa, como ſe ha dicho, por los dos planos particualres ſuyos del pecho, aplicado por el Dieſtro en el vertical particular de ſu contrario, cauſado tamben en el ſuyo particular del pecho, que por ſe de vna miſma naturaleza ambos planos particualres tendràn igual potencia; y para que ſe vea la vniverſalidad, y modo, como el Dieſtro irà aplicando eſte plano primario por la circunferencia del miſmo orbe maximo, es preciſo para ſu inteligencia, ſuponemos por exemplo, que el contrario eſpera en la miſma poſicion de quadrado, y que el Dieſtro ſe paſſa dando compàs à ſu lado izquierdo, deſde la primera figura, en que le dimos afirmados, à la ſegunda, conſervando à la miſma poſicion de ſus planos particulares para con el primario que tuvo en la primera, para conſervar en èl ſu plano vertical del pecho particular A.B. con que le avrà mudado de lugar para con ſu contrario, à quien le tendrà opueſtos en eſta ſegunda figura por el miſmo plano primario A.a. y ſe halla que ſe le tiene aplicado à ſu plano colateral derecho, que repreſenta la linea a.d. y por ſer eſte plano del contrario de naturaleza mas flaco, que el vertical del pecho A.B. del Dieſtro, tendrà dominio en la Eſpada de ſu contrario para apartarla, ò incluirla, en orden à ofender, y quedar defendido.

Being thus affirmed, we consider that this primary vertical plane A.a. passes, as has been said, through both of their particular chest planes, applied by the Right-hander in the particular vertical of his opponent, also caused in his own particular chest, which being of the same nature both particular planes will have equal potency; and to see the universality, and manner, as the Right-hander will apply this primary plane around the circumference of the same maximum orb, it is necessary for its understanding, we suppose for example, that the opponent waits in the same square position, and that the Right-hander passes giving compass to his left side, from the first figure, in which we affirmed him, to the second, preserving the same position of his particular planes with respect to the primary one he had in the first, to preserve in it his particular vertical chest plane A.B., with which he will have changed its place with respect to his opponent, to whom he will have it opposed in this second figure by the same primary A.a. and it is found that he has applied it to his right collateral plane, which represents the line a.d., and as this plane of the opponent is of a weaker nature than the vertical chest A.B. of the Right-hander, he will have dominion over the Sword of his opponent to divert or include it, in order to offend and remain defended.

Lo que hemos advertido en eſta ſegunda figura, en quanto à la poſicion de ſus planos del Dieſtro, reſpecto de ſu contrario, lo miſmo de obſervar como ſe fuere paſſando à las otras ſeis figuras, que eſtàn en la circunferencia del miſmo orbe maximo, por medio de ſus compaſes, con lo qual en cada vna opondrà ſu plano vertical del pecho particular A.B. à los planos particulares de ſu contrario, que por ſer el mas fuerte, ſe tendrà en ellos ventaja por el miſmo primario A.a.

What we have noted in this second figure, as to the position of the Right-hander’s planes with respect to his opponent, the same must be observed as he passes to the other six figures, which are on the circumference of the same maximum orb, through his compasses, with which in each one he will oppose his particular vertical chest plane A.B. to the particular planes of his opponent, which being stronger, he will have an advantage in them by the same primary A.a.

Deſde eſta ſegunda figura ſe paſſarà el Dieſtro à la terecera, conſervandoſe en la miſma poſicion que en las dos antecedentes, avrà aplicado el plano primario A.a. al plano vertical derecho de ſu contrario, que correſponde à la linea a.h. y juntamente le avrà opueſta à èl, por el miſmo primario, ſu plano vertical de el pecho A.B.

From this second figure, the Right-hander will pass to the third, keeping the same position as in the previous two, will have applied the primary plane A.a. to the right vertical plane of his opponent, corresponding to the line a.h., and simultaneously will have opposed it, by the same primary, his vertical chest plane A.B.

Si deſde eſta tercera figura ſe paſſare el Dieſtro à la quarta, guardando la miſma poſicion que en las demàs, avrà aplicado el plano primario A.a. al plano colateral derecho de las eſpaldas del contrario, que reprefenta la linea a.g. y opueſto à èl, por el miſmo primario, ſu plano vertical del pecho A.B.

If from this third figure the Right-hander passes to the fourth, maintaining the same position as in the others, he will have applied the primary plane A.a. to the right collateral plane of the opponent’s back, which represents the line a.g., and opposed it, by the same primary, his vertical chest plane A.B.

Si deſde eſta quarta figura ſe paſſare el Dieſtro à la quinta, avrà aplicado el plano primario A.a en el plano vertical A.C. de las eſpaldas del contrario que le reprefenta, y opueſto à èl ſu plano vertical del pecho A.B. que le repreſenta por el miſmo primario.

If from this fourth figure the Right-hander passes to the fifth, he will have applied the primary plane A.a. to the opponent’s vertical back plane A.C. that represents it, and opposed it, by the same primary, his vertical chest plane A.B.

Si deſde eſta quinta figura ſe paſſare el Dieſtro à la ſexta, avrà opueſto el plano primario A.a. al plano colateral izquierdo de las eſpaldas del contrario, que repreſenta la linea A.E. y opueſto à èl ſu plano vertical del pecho A.B. por el miſmo primario.

If from this fifth figure the Right-hander passes to the sixth, he will have opposed the primary plane A.a. to the left collateral plane of the opponent’s back, which represents the line A.E., and opposed to it, by the same primary, his vertical chest plane A.B.

Si deſde ſexta figura ſe paſſare el Dieſtro à la ſeptima, avrà aplicado el plano primario A.a. al plano vertical izquierdo del contrario, que repreſenta la linea A.I. y opueſtole ſu plano vertical del pecho A.B. por el miſmo primario.

If from the sixth figure the Right-hander passes to the seventh, he will have applied the primary plane A.a. to the opponent’s left vertical plane, which represents the line A.I., and opposed it, by the same primary, his vertical chest plane A.B.

Si deſde eſta ſeptima figura ſe paſſare el Dieſtro à la octava, avrà opueſto el plano primario A.a plano colateral izquierdo de ſu contrario, que repreſenta la linea A.F. y opueſtole ſu plano vertical del pecho A.B. por el miſmo primario.

If from this seventh figure the Right-hander passes to the eighth, he will have opposed the primary plane A.a. to the opponent’s left collateral plane, which represents the line A.F., and opposed it, by the same primary, his vertical chest plane A.B.

Con que avrà hecho el Dieſtro dar vna revolucion al plano primario, reſpecto de ſu contrario, y linea de direccion de ſu cilindro en que ſe conſidera afirmado, aplicandole à cada vno de ſus ocho planos particualres, que es lo que nos tacaba demonſtrar.

Thus, the Right-hander will have made a revolution of the primary plane, with respect to his opponent, and the line of direction of his cylinder in which he is considered affirmed, applying it to each one of his eight particular planes, which is what we intended to demonstrate.

Con la luz de eſta doctrina podrà el Dieſtro, en eſta revolucion, haze la miſma conſideracion de eſte plano primario A.a. y de ſu plano vertical del pecho A.B. en que le cauſa para aplicarle à los planos intermedios, que ay entre los ocho planos particulares del miſmo contrario, advirtiendo, que quanto mas ſe fuere acercando con eſta revolucion à los lugares proprios de eſtos planos, irà adquiriendo el Dieſtro mas deſigualdad para con èl, menos quando eſtuviere mas apartado de cada vno de eſtos planos.

With the light of this doctrine, the Right-hander, in this revolution, can make the same consideration of this primary plane A.a. and of his vertical chest plane A.B. in which he causes to apply it to the intermediate planes that are between the eight particular planes of the same opponent, noting that the more he approaches these planes with this revolution, the more inequality the Right-hander will acquire with him, except when he is further away from each one of these planes.

Yà en lo antecedente hemos dicho el modo como el Dieſtro podrà ir aplicando el plano primario en los planos particulares ſuyos, y tambien como por medio de ſus compaſes aplicarà el plano primario en qualquiera de los planos particulares de ſu contrario; y la vniverſalidad de la aplicacion de eſte plano primario ſe entiende, no ſolo à que le pueda aplicar el Dieſtro por ſu plano vertical del pecho, como ſe ha exemplificado; pero tambien en todos los demàs planos ſuyos particulares, que ſon mas del vſo de la Deſtreza, y por ſus planos verticales intermedios, como luego dirèmos.

In the preceding sections, we have explained how the Right-hander can apply the primary plane to his particular planes and also how, through his compasses, he will apply the primary plane to any of the particular planes of his opponent. The universality of the application of this primary plane is understood not only as the Right-hander can apply it through his vertical chest plane, as exemplified, but also through all his other particular planes that are more used in Fencing, and through his intermediate vertical planes, as we will explain later.

Aora conviene hazer advertencia, que aunque los planos particulares ſon ocho, los que ſon mas del vſo de la Deſtreza ſon cinco; y aunque ſe pueden començar à numerar deſde qualquiera de ellos, por algunas atenciones que ſe diràn adelante, empezamos por el plano vertical derecho A.H. que llamamos primero; el ſegundo es el plano colateral derecho A.D. y el tercero el plano vertical del pecho, que paſſa por la diametral A.B. el quarto el plano colateral del lado izquierdo A.F. y el quinto el plano vertical izquierdo A.I. porque los otros tres planos A.E.-A.C. y A.G. correponden à las eſpaldas, que ſon los tres de menos vſo, como ſe ha dicho.

It is now important to note that although there are eight particular planes, the five most used in Fencing are the right vertical plane A.H. (which we call the first), the right collateral plane A.D. (second), the vertical chest plane passing through the diametral A.B. (third), the left collateral plane of the side A.F. (fourth), and the left vertical plane A.I. (fifth). The other three planes A.E.-A.C. and A.G. correspond to the back and are the least used, as mentioned.

Eſtos cinco planos, y qualquiera de ſus intermedios, podrà el Dieſtro oponerlos à planos particulares de ſu contrario, por el plano primario, y por los dos modos referidos; y para que ſiempre tenga con èl la deſigualdad neceſſaria, quando començare ſus propoſiciones por la poſtura de la Eſpada, oponerle de ſus planos mas fuertes, para contraſtar con ventaja ſu mayor alcance; y por el perfil del cuerpo le opondrà los planos de ſu mayor alcance, para vencer, mediante los documentos que ſe dan adelante, los planos de ſu mayor fuerza; y guardando el Dieſtro eſtos preceptos, començarà, y acabarà ſus tretas con ventajas, y ſe hallarà con inmediata diſpoſicion para entrar à la eleccion de los medios proporcionados de las heridas, y para ſalirſe al orbe maximo de lso medios de proporcion, en lo qual tambien ſe avràn de guarda los preceptos, que para ello ſe dàn en las explicaciones de los exercicios que ha de tener el Dieſtro, à que nos remitimos.

These five planes, and any of their intermediates, can be opposed by the Right-hander to his opponent’s particular planes, through the primary plane, and by the two aforementioned methods. To always maintain the necessary inequality when starting his propositions from the posture of the Sword, the Right-hander should oppose his stronger planes to counter his opponent’s greater reach advantageously; and by the profile of the body, he will oppose the planes of his greater reach to overcome, according to the teachings given later, his opponent’s planes of greater strength. By keeping these precepts, the Right-hander will begin and end his tricks with advantages and will be in immediate disposition to choose the proportionate means of the wounds, and to exit to the maximum orb of the means of proportion, where the precepts given in the explanations of the exercises that the Right-hander must perform are also to be kept, to which we refer.

En eſtos fundamentos, y preceptos conſiſte lo mas effencial de lo practico de la Deſtraza, pues guian à poder ofender, ſin ſer ofendido, como tambien ſe verà el el Capitulo que trata de los medios porporcionados, y del Tratado de las Tretas, donde ſe haze evidencia, que el medio de cada vna ſe reduce à la conſideracion de la deſigualdad de eſtos planos particualres, y del plano primario, ò comun, que es el norte por donde ſe rigen, y la diſtancia mas breve que ay entre los dos combatientes, como eſtà explicado, y ſe vè por la figura principal, y las demàs que eſtàn el ella, cuya inteligencia, y enſeñança de todo ello ſiempre ſerà comun à los dos contrarios; y el que ſe aprovechare de eſtos preceptos con mas perfeccion, y preſteza, ſerà ſuya la victora.

These foundations and precepts are essential for the practical aspect of Fencing, as they guide how to offend without being offended, as will also be seen in the Chapter on proportionate means and in the Treatise on Tricks, where it is evident that the means of each one is reduced to the consideration of the inequality of these particular planes and the primary or common plane, which is the guide by which they are governed, and the shortest distance between the two combatants, as is explained and seen in the main figure and the others in it. The understanding and teaching of all this will always be common to both opponents; and whoever makes use of these precepts more perfectly and quickly will be the victor.

Porque en diferentes partes, no ſolo hemos llamado à eſte plano primario, por ſe por donde ſe goviernan los demàs planos particulares, pero tambien le hemos llamado comun, que ſuena igualdad entre los dos combatientes; para que quede ſatisfecha eſta objecion, que ſe podrà poner, dezimos, que eſte nombre comun mira à que qualquiera de los contrarios lo puede cauſar en qualquiera de ſus planos particulares, y aplicarlo à planos particulares del contrario, como ſe ha explicado; pero el que de los dos ſe anticipare à hazerlo con mas perfeccion, y preſteza, como ſe ha dicho, vencerà à ſu contrario; y en eſta regla conſiſte todo lo operativo de la Deſtreza, en quanto à la eleccion de las tretas, y para poderlas executar con ſeguirdad.

Because in different parts, we have not only called this primary plane the guide by which the other particular planes are governed, but we have also called it common, which implies equality between the two combatants. To satisfy this objection that may be raised, we say that this name common refers to the fact that either of the opponents can cause it in any of their particular planes, and apply it to the particular planes of the opponent, as has been explained. However, whoever anticipates doing so with more perfection and speed, as mentioned, will overcome his opponent. And in this rule lies the whole operative aspect of Fencing, as far as the choice of tricks and the ability to execute them securely are concerned.

Guardanoſe eſtos preceptos tan ſcientificos, y neceſſarios, ſiempre ſe viene à herir por la diſtancia mas breve, que es la linea de Diametro, que haſta aora ſe ha conſiderado ſolo en el circulo comun entre los dos combatientes, y con la vniverſalidad que hemos dicho, y atender al plano primario, y la opoſicion de deſigualdad que han de tener entre sì los planos particulares de los dos adverſarios, ſe hallarà el Dieſtro en la batalla con el conocimiento que ſe requiere, y gran facilidad, y promptitud para regular ſus operaciones, ſin atender al plano inferior, por ſer coſa muy dificil en el rigor de la batalla, por mudarſe de lugar à lugar qualquiera de los dos contrarios, ò ambos juntos, con que ſe boran aquellas eſpecies primeras, que ſe han imaginado en el plano inferior, y circulo comun, y mucho mas con la velocidad que los dos combatientes ſe paſſan de vnas partes à otras, de que es preciſo reſulte mayor confuſion, y que no ſe puedan guardar los preceptos que ſe producen de eſta ſciencia: y eſto nos ha obligado à eſpecular como evitarla, y que el Dieſtro tenga en ſus exercicios con ſu contrario, y en las veras, norte vniverſal, y fundamento tan facil, para que ni la aceleracion, ni la colera tengan juriſdiccion de apartarle del conocimiento ſcientifico para regir ſus acciones; deſuerte, que en ellas tenga defenſa, y ofenſa en ſu contrario, ſi conviniere.

By keeping these scientific and necessary precepts, one will always come to strike through the shortest distance, which is the line of Diameter, which until now has only been considered in the common circle between the two combatants, with the universality mentioned. Paying attention to the primary plane and the opposition of inequality that must exist between the particular planes of the two adversaries, the Right-hander will find himself in the battle with the required knowledge and great ease and promptitude to regulate his operations, without attending to the lower plane, as it is very difficult in the rigor of the battle, due to either of the two opponents, or both together, moving from place to place, erasing those first species that were imagined in the lower plane and common circle, and much more with the speed at which the two combatants move from one part to another, resulting in greater confusion, and the inability to keep the precepts produced by this science. This has led us to speculate on how to avoid this and to ensure that the Right-hander has a universal guide and easy foundation in his exercises with his opponent, and in real situations, so that neither acceleration nor anger have jurisdiction to remove him from the scientific knowledge to govern his actions; in such a way, that in them he has defense and offense against his opponent, if appropriate.

En orden à eſta defenſa, y ofenſa, el Dieſtro ſiempre ha de procurar cauſar eſta plano vertical primario, en alguno de ſus planos particulares, con la mocion ſobre el centro de ſu particular circulo, ò por medio de alguno de ſus compaſes, y para el miſmo fin, aplicar eſte plano primario en alguno de los particualres de ſu contrario, que ſea inferior al particular ſuyo en que huviere cuaſado el primario, por el qu al avrà de herir, porque en eſto conſiſte el conſeguir ambos fines de la defenſa, y ofenſa ſin rieſgo.

In terms of this defense and offense, the Right-hander must always seek to cause this primary vertical plane in one of his particular planes, with motion over the center of his particular circle, or through one of his compasses, and for the same purpose, apply this primary plane to one of his opponent’s particular planes, which is inferior to his particular plane in which he caused the primary, through which he will strike, because in this lies the achievement of both defense and offense without risk.

El aver dado afirmado, al contrario ſobre el Angulo recto, para explicar la vniverſalidad de eſte plano primario, y los demàs planos particulares, ha ſido para que con mas falidad ſe puedan entender, imitando à los que han eſcrito de fortificacion, que primero tratan de explicar las plazas regulares, para que ſe puedan entender mas bien las irregulares, porque tambien en la Deſtreza ay regularidad en afirmarſe vn combatiente con otro, y el Dieſtro, ſegun nueſtros preceptos, ha de obſervar el afirmarſe perpendicular al Orizonte, y muchas de las naciones vſan lo contrario, porque ſe afirman apartando los pies deſproporcionadamente, haziendo extremos, poniendo la Eſpada fuera de termino; y para poder hazer juicio de eſtas irregularidades, ha convenido que demos afirmado al Dieſtro perpendicular al Orizonte en Angulo recto, por ſer la poſtura mas perfecta, y mas regular, para que con el conocimiento de las conſideraciones, y preceptos, que hemos dado porque mas que el contrario deſproporcione ſu cuerpo en ellas, nunca puede dexar de dar de ſus planos al Dieſtro, para que peuda regular ſus propoſiciones; mayormente, que las heridas de mas perfeccione ſe executan de la cintura arriba, y eſta parte del cuerpo nmunca la puede oculta el contrario al Dieſtro, ni quitarle que no pueda conſiderarle conſtituido en vn cilindro; demàs que por deſproporcionado que eſtè afirmado el contarario, para intentar à herir al Dieſtro, es neceſſario que ſe reduzga, aunque no lo entiende, à cauſar ſu plano primario en alguno de ſus planos particulares, y que lo aplique en algun plano particular del Dieſtro, ò en lo intermedio de ellos; y como eſto no ſe puede encubrir al Dieſtro, podrà facilmente hazer juicio, ſegun la poſtura en que eſtuviere afirmado ſu adverſario, en què plano podràintentar herirle, y tener prevenido el plano que le huviere de oponer, que ſea ſuperior al ſuyo: y mientras que no llegare el caſo que trate de la ofenſa, le podrà, con ſola nueſtra poſtura del Angulo agudo, impedirle qualquiera plano inferior, ò ſuperior en que eſtuivere afirmado, como quiera que ſea; deſuerte, que ſu Eſpada no tenga direccion à ſu cuerpo, y que eſtè en vno de los planos verticales de ſu defenſa, ò que paſſe el plano paralelo al Orizonte, que imaginamos paſſar por el vertice de la cabeza; y por mas que el contrario trayga ſu Eſpada inquieta, ſeràn tan breves los movimientos del Dieſtro, para conſeguir eſtos efectos de ſu defenſa, reſpecto de los ſuyos, que con mucha facilidad podrà continuar el impedirle el plano en qualquiera parte por donde le quiſiere acometer. Y por que no es de eſte lugar explicar como ſe han de oponer eſtos planos à las poſturas que el contrario hiziere, para que por medio de practica de las Tretas, donde ſe darà individual conocimiento de todo lo neceſſario.

Having affirmed the opponent on the right angle to explain the universality of this primary plane and the other particular planes has been so that they can be more easily understood, imitating those who have written about fortification, who first explain regular places so that irregular ones can be better understood. In Fencing, there is regularity in how one combatant affirms himself with another, and the Right-hander, according to our precepts, must observe to affirm himself perpendicular to the Horizon. Many nations do the opposite, affirming themselves by disproportionately spreading their feet, creating extremes, placing the Sword out of term. To be able to judge these irregularities, it was convenient to affirm the Right-hander perpendicular to the Horizon at a right angle, as it is the most perfect and regular posture, so that with the knowledge of the considerations and precepts we have given, no matter how much the opponent disproportionates his body in them, he can never fail to give his planes to the Right-hander, so that he can regulate his propositions; especially since the most perfect wounds are executed from the waist up, and this part of the body can never be hidden by the opponent from the Right-hander, nor prevent him from considering him constituted in a cylinder. Moreover, no matter how disproportionated the opponent is affirmed, to attempt to wound the Right-hander, it is necessary that he reduce himself, even if he does not understand it, to causing his primary plane in one of his particular planes, and that he apply it to a particular plane of the Right-hander, or in the intermediate of them; and as this cannot be hidden from the Right-hander, he can easily make a judgment, according to the posture in which his adversary is affirmed, on which plane he can try to wound him, and have prepared the plane that he must oppose, which is superior to his. And while the case of offense does not arise, he can, with only our posture of the acute angle, prevent any inferior or superior plane in which he is affirmed, whatever it may be; so that his Sword does not have direction to his body, and that it is in one of the vertical planes of his defense, or that it passes the parallel plane to the Horizon, which we imagine passing through the vertex of the head; and no matter how much the opponent brings his Sword restless, the Right-hander’s movements to achieve these effects of his defense, with respect to his own, will be so brief that he can easily continue to prevent the plane in any part from which he wants to attack. And since it is not of this place to explain how these planes are to be opposed to the postures that the opponent makes, so that through the practice of Tricks, where individual knowledge of everything necessary will be given.

Laminda diez y ſeis del Libro ſegundo.

Plate sixteen of the Second Book.