CAPITVLO DEZIMOQVINTO

Como se consideran los movimientos circulares que puede hazer la Eſpada en el Ayre.

CHAPTER FIFTEEN

How the Circular Movements that the Sword Can Make in the Air are Considered.

Ya que hemos declarado los movimientos que ſe hazen por planos, tratarèmos aora de los movimientos circulares, que puede hazer la Eſpada. El primeri es el que haze ſobre ſu miſmo centro, à imitacion de el que haze el cuerpo ſobre el ſuyo, formando vn circulo con ambos gavilanes de la Eſpada, el qual tambien dividirèmos en ocho partes iguales, en la conformidad que hemos dividido los otros.

Now that we have explained the movements that are made through planes, we will now deal with the circular movements that the Sword can make. The first is the one it makes around its own center, in imitation of the one made by the body around its own, forming a circle with both quillons of the Sword, which we will also divide into eight equal parts, in conformity with how we have divided the others.

Otro movimeinto circular es el que puede hazer con la longitud de la Eſpada, cauſandole, ò deſcribiendoſe la punta de ella, ſiendo vertice el centrol de la muñeca.

Another circular movement is the one that can be made with the length of the Sword, caused or described by its tip, with the wrist center being the vertex.

Otro movimeinto circular ſe puede deſcribir con la mitad de el brazo, ſiendo vertice la ſangria, ò codo.

Another circular movement can be described with half of the arm, with the elbow or vein being the vertex.

Otro movimiento circular ſe puede deſcribir con la guarnicion de la Eſpada, quando el contrario con la mano izquierda aſe la punta de la Eſpada del Dieſtro, ò que eſte hiere de eſtocada deſde el extremo remoto en el centro del brazo derecho del contrario, y que por no ſalirſe al medio de proporcio intenta ſu contrario herirle, y el Dieſtro ſe defiende aplicando ſu guarnicion, conſiderando para ello dos vertices, vno en la punta de la Eſpada, cuyo axis es la linea recta haſta la guarnicion; otro el centro de el brazo, y el axis, la longitud dèl haſta el miſmo centro de la guarnicion, que es con que ſe deſcribe la baſa de eſte movimiento circular.

Another circular movement can be described with the guard of the Sword, when the opponent with the left hand grasps the tip of the Fencer’s Sword, or when the latter strikes a thrust from the remote end at the center of the opponent’s right arm, and in order not to come out to the middle of proportion, the opponent attempts to strike him, and the Fencer defends himself by applying his guard, considering for this two vertices, one at the tip of the Sword, whose axis is the straight line to the guard; the other, the center of the arm, and the axis, its length up to the same center of the guard, which is with which the base of this circular movement is described.

Tambien como lar guarnicion ſe mueve por ſu circulo, cada diviſion de la Eſpada haze el ſuyo, y todos ſe entienden eſtar dividios en las partes referidas, para regular los movimientos aſsi del brazo, como de la Eſpada, y guarnicion.

Also, as the guard moves through its circle, each division of the Sword makes its own, and all are understood to be divided into the referred parts, to regulate the movements of both the arm and the Sword, and the guard.

Otro movimiento circular, y el mayor que puede hazer la Eſpada, es por la circunferencia de eſte circulo grande, que conſideramos entre los dos combatientes, cauſando la Eſpada con el brazo vna Pyramide conica, ſegun la definicion de Apolonio Pergeo, ſiendo ſu baſa eſte circulo, y el vertice el centrol del brazo, advirtiendo, que al tiempo que fuere dando ſu revolucion, irà paſſando la Eſpada por cada vna de las diviſiones de circulo, y dividiendo la ſuperficie de la Pyramide en ocho partes iguales, cauſando con eſtas diviſiones vnas lineas que toman el nombre de las diviſiones, como de 2. 3. 4. &c. haſta 8. 9.

Another circular movement, and the largest that the Sword can make, is through the circumference of this large circle, which we consider between the two combatants, causing the Sword with the arm to form a conical pyramid, according to the definition of Apollonius of Perga, with its base being this circle, and the vertex the center of the arm, noting that at the time it is revolving, the Sword will pass through each of the divisions of the circle, and dividing the surface of the Pyramid into eight equal parts, causing with these divisions lines that take the name of the divisions, such as 2, 3, 4, etc., up to 8, 9.

Eſte miſmo circulo ſe puede imaginar pueſto en algun plano de los que ſe conſideran en el contrario perpendicular al plano vertical primero, como maniſieſtala ſeguna de eſta eſtampa nona; y en eſte caſo, eſtando el brazo en Angulo recto, podrà la Eſpada inclinarſe por la parte inferior haſta que ſi fuera mas larga, pudiera tocar la circunferencia inferior, que eſtà en punto A. y eſtando en eſta inclinacion, formàra ſu movimiento, ò Pyramide, ſiendo vertice de ella el centro de la muñeca: mas como la punta de la Eſpada no llega mas que haſta la muñeca de ſu contrario, formarà alli vn circulo menor, como ſe vè en la figura, y les ſeñalan las letras L.K.M y la media diviſion de la Eſpada formarà otro, como ſe vè por las letras R.S. ſirviendo eſta ſeguna Pyramide, que ſe haze con la fuerza defenſa del Caſtillo, que hemos de conſiderar defender al Dieſtro, com ſe puede ver por la miſma demonſtracion de eſtas Pyramides, que ſi huviera vna rodela pueſta entre los dos combatientes, de la grandeza que es el circulo R.S. eſtando afirmados los dos comabtientes en Angulo recto, ſe reconoce que cubriria todo el cuerpo, ſi ſueſſe la Eſpada de la longitud de T.A. y quando no baſte eſta Pyramide para defendernos, por poder moverſe el vertice de eſta Pyramide para defendernos, por poder moverſe el vertice de eſta Pyramide à diverſas partes, y no aver de guardarſe ſiempre la poſtura de Angulo recto, mueſtro que el Dieſtro con vna porcion de eſta Pyramide, podrà obligar al contrario à que tenga ſu Eſpada fuera de dos, ò tres planos de defenſa, que ſon los que conſtituyenel baluarte que guarda ſiempre eſta Fuerte, ſi el Dieſtro no ſe deſcuida en la opoſicion de la parte de la Pyramide que conviene.

This same circle can be imagined as placed on some plane of those considered in the opponent perpendicular to the first vertical plane, as shown in the second figure of this ninth plate; and in this case, with the arm at a right angle, the Sword can incline through the lower part until, if it were longer, it could touch the lower circumference, which is at point A. And being in this inclination, it will form its movement, or Pyramid, with the center of the wrist being the vertex: but as the tip of the Sword only reaches up to the wrist of its opponent, it will form there a smaller circle, as seen in the figure, and indicated by the letters L.K.M, and the middle division of the Sword will form another, as seen by the letters R.S. This second Pyramid, which is made with the defensive strength of the Castle, which we have to consider defending the Fencer, can be seen by the same demonstration of these Pyramids, that if there were a shield placed between the two combatants, of the size that is the circle R.S., with both combatants standing at a right angle, it is recognized that it would cover the whole body, if the Sword were of the length of T.A. And when this Pyramid is not sufficient to defend ourselves, as the vertex of this Pyramid can move to various parts, and not always have to maintain the posture of a right angle, I show that the Fencer with a portion of this Pyramid, can force the opponent to have his Sword out of two or three planes of defense, which are the ones that constitute the bastion that always guards this Fortress, if the Fencer is not careless in the opposition of the part of the Pyramid that is appropriate.

Eſta Pyramide de defenſa, y la que ſe puede forma con el brazo, ſiendo baſa la guarnicion, ſon de tanda importancia en la Deſtreza, que ſin ellas no ſe pudiera dezir que avida defenſa, en que ſe fundò lo eſſencial de ella.

This Pyramid of defense, and the one that can be formed with the arm, with the base being the guard, are of such importance in the Skill, that without them, it could not be said that there was defense, on which its essence is based.

Dentro de eſta Pyramide ſe pueden conſiderar otras dos: deſuerte, que la interior, y mas pequeña la llamarèmos la primera, y tiene coſa de dos pies y medio de Diametro ſu baſa, conſderada en el cuerpo del contrario; mas en la punta de la Eſpada poco mas de vn pie, y en la defenſa, que es la que ſe haze con la media diviſion de la Eſpada cerca de medioo pie, y paſſarà por la cabeza, y por la pretina del contrario: la ſegunda paſſa por las rodillas, y la tercera correſponde à los pies, como todo ſe demueſtra por las figuras, aſsi por la ſuperior, que eſtà en perſpectiva, como la inferior, que eſtà en montea llana.

Within this Pyramid, two others can be considered: so, the inner, and smaller one we will call the first, and it has about two and a half feet in diameter its base, considered in the body of the opponent; but at the tip of the Sword a little more than one foot, and in the defense, which is made with the middle division of the Sword about half a foot, and will pass through the head, and the waist of the opponent: the second passes through the knees, and the third corresponds to the feet, as everything is demonstrated by the figures, both by the upper one, which is in perspective, and the lower one, which is in plain view.

Los tres planos de defenſa, de que hemos hecho mencion, que ſirven de baluarte al Dieſtro, ſon los dos de ellos verticales, ò perpendiculares al Orizonte, que tocando al cilindro del Dieſtro, concurren en la guarnicion del contrario, y el tercero es vn plano obliquo que paſſa por la guarnicion, y toca à la cabeza del Dieſtro: eſto tre splanos tienen grande vſo en la Deſtreza, porque la defenſa del Dieſtro no conſiſte en otra coſa, mas que en conſervar la Eſpada del contrario fuera de eſtos tres planos, como ya lo he advertido en otra parte, y lo demonſtrarè quando manifieſte el modo que el Dieſtro tendrà en formar los Angulos de los baluartes de la idea del Fuerte.

The three planes of defense, which we have mentioned, that serve as a bastion to the Fencer, are two of them vertical, or perpendicular to the Horizon, touching the cylinder of the Fencer, converging at the guard of the opponent, and the third is an oblique plane that passes through the guard, and touches the head of the Fencer: these three planes are of great use in the Skill, because the defense of the Fencer consists of nothing else but in keeping the Sword of the opponent out of these three planes, as I have already noted elsewhere, and will demonstrate when I manifest the way the Fencer will have in forming the Angles of the bastions of the idea of the Fortress.

Y para mas amplitud, y facilidad en la inteligencia de los movimientos circulares, que puede hazer la Eſpada en el Ayre, me darè à entender por medio de la explicacion de cada vna de las Pyramides, que demonſtrarè à nueſtro Dieſtro.

And for more amplitude, and ease in the understanding of the circular movements, that the Sword can make in the Air, I will make myself understood through the explanation of each of the Pyramids, which I will demonstrate to our Fencer.

Lamina nona del Libro ſegundo.

Plate nine of the Second Book.