CAPITVLO DEZIMO

DESCRIPCION DE DIFERENTES FIGURAS, por las quales ſe mueſtran las lineas rectas, circulars, y mixtas, que ſe pueden conſiderar cauſadas, aſsi del movimiento del cuerpo, como de la Eſpada, cuyo vſo es de ſuma importancia para el conocimiento verdadero de la Deſtreza de las Armas.

CHAPTER TEN

DESCRIPTION OF DIFFERENT FIGURES, through which the straight, circular, and mixed lines that can be considered, both from the movement of the body and the Sword, are shown. Their use is of utmost importance for the true understanding of the Art of Fencing.

Figura primera, Eſtampa quarta.

First Figure, Plate Four.

Este miſmo circulo, que queda explicado, mueſtra la juriſdiccion de cada vno de los dos combatientes, porque ſi cada vno pone el pomo de la Eſpada en la extremidad del Diametro que le correſponde, y forma cada vno ſu circulo particualr, verà la juriſdiccion que tiene en eſte circulo comun para dar ſus compaſes, porque moſtrarèmos, que no pueden ſer mayores, ſin deſcomponer el cuerpo, que es lo que por eſta ſegunda figura ſe maniſieſta con los tres circulos, el vno con ſu centro comun enmedio de los dos combatientes, y los otros dos tienen ſu centro en la extremidad del Diametro comun C.D.

Let’s assume that with the length of the Sword A.B., which is four feet, a circle B.C.D.E. is described on the ground, whose center is point A. The circumference that is described with the tip of the Sword, moving around the pommel that is at point A, will be a very mysterious circle in Fencing because it determines the distance that should exist between the two fighters, which is from point D. to point B. being eight geometric feet; and this Circle will be called the Common Circle, because in it the opponent has as much jurisdiction as the Fencer; and if the Fencer is in D. and his opponent in B. having equal or marked Swords, they will have chosen a midpoint of proportion, as is demonstrated by the two figures of this fourth Plate.

Segunda Figura, Eſtampa quarta

Second Figure, Plate Four

Este miſmo circulo, que queda explicado, mueſtra la juriſdiccion de cada vno de los dos combatientes, porque ſi cada vno pone el pomo de la Eſpada en la extremidad del Diametro que le correſponde, y forma cada vno ſu circulo particualr, verà la juriſdiccion que tiene en eſte circulo comun para dar ſus compaſes, porque moſtrarèmos, que no pueden ſer mayores, ſin deſcomponer el cuerpo, que es lo que por eſta ſegunda figura ſe maniſieſta con los tres circulos, el vno con ſu centro comun enmedio de los dos combatientes, y los otros dos tienen ſu centro en la extremidad del Diametro comun C.D.

This same circle, which has been explained, shows the jurisdiction of each of the two fighters, because if each one places the pommel of the Sword at the end of the Diameter that corresponds to him, and each forms his own particular circle, he will see the jurisdiction he has in this common circle to make his moves, because we will show that they cannot be greater without discomposing the body. This is what is made evident by this second figure with the three circles, one with its common center between the two fighters, and the other two have their center at the end of the common Diameter C.D.

Los dos circulos particulares tienen dentro de cada vno de ellos otros tres circulos concentricos, que ſe cauſan de la revolucion de las diviſiones de la Eſpada, que para mayor facilidad (aunque otros la imaginan dividida en 12. partes) la conſideramos dividia en quatro partes, que cada vna ſerà de vna tercia, ò de vn pie Geometrico, que es lo miſmo, como ſe demueſtra aſsi por la antecedente figura, como por eſta.

The two particular circles each contain within them three other concentric circles, which are caused by the revolution of the divisions of the Sword. For greater ease (although others imagine it divided into 12 parts), we consider it divided into four parts, each one being a third, or a geometric foot, which is the same, as demonstrated both by the preceding figure and by this one.

En cada vno de eſtos circulos podrà qualquiera de los dos combatientes de ſus compaſes en la forma que quiſiere, porque la cantidad de ſu Semidiametro, que es la longitud de la Eſpada, determina la cantidad de compàs que puede dar qualquiera de los dos combatientes, ſin deſcomponer el cuerpo; y aunque parecen infinitos los movimientos que cada vno puede hazer paſſando deſde el centro à la circunferencia, por ſer infinitas las lineas que ſe pueden ſacar à ella deſde el centro, pueſto que los Marineros, con ſer Orizonte tan grande, no conſideran mas de 32. caminos para poder regir ſu Navìo, y llevarle à qualquiera parte del Mundo; noſotros nos contentarèmos con ocho, por ſer el circulo en que ſe mueve el Dieſtro muylimitado, y cada vno de eſtos caminos ſirven para dar ſus compaſes, y tiene ſu nombre particular, como ſe verificarà por lar tercera figura, que explicarèmos con toda claridad en eſta manera.

In each of these circles, either of the two fighters can make his moves in the way he wishes, because the quantity of its Semidiameter, which is the length of the Sword, determines the size of the move that either of the two fighters can make without discomposing the body. And although the movements that each can make, moving from the center to the circumference, seem infinite (since there are infinite lines that can be drawn to it from the center), given that sailors, despite having such a vast horizon, only consider 32 directions to steer their ship and take it to any part of the world; we will be satisfied with eight, since the circle in which the fencer moves is very limited. Each of these directions serves to make his moves and has its own particular name, as will be verified by the third figure, which we will explain very clearly in this way.

Figura tercera, por la qual ſe manifieſtan los movimientos rectos, ò compaſes, que puede hazer el cuerpo en el Plano inferior.

Third Figure, through which the straight movements or steps that the body can make on the lower plane are made evident.

Deſcribanſe los miſmo circulos que en la figura antecedente, dividanſe los concentricos en ocho Semidiametros, como repreſenta eſta terceſa figura, y por ella ſe entrarà en conocimiento de los compaſes rectos, ſuponiendo al Dieſtro pueſto en el centro en el letra A. dando ſus compaſes en eſta manera.

The same circles described in the previous figure are drawn here, with the concentric circles divided into eight semidiameters, as represented by this third figure. Through it, one will understand the straight steps, assuming the fencer is positioned in the center at letter A, taking his steps in this manner.

El que ſe diere por la linea A.B. que và derecho à ſu advervario, que tambien le ſuponemos afirmado en la letra B. ſe llamarà recto. El que ſe diere por la linea A.F. retirandoſe atràs, ſe llamarà extraño. El compàs que ſe diere por la linea A.C. ſe llamarà tranſverſal à ſu mano izquierda. El que ſe diere por la linea A.I. ſerà tranſerſal à la mano derecha. El que ſe diere por la linea A.D. de trepidacion à la mano derecha. El que ſe diere por la linea A.H. de trepidacion à la mano izquierda. El que ſe diere por las lineas A.E-A.G. ſe llamaràn de trepidacion, y extraño, à la mano derecha, ò izquierda. El vſo de cada vno de eſtos compaſes ſe dirà en ſu lugar.

The step taken along the line A.B., which goes straight to his opponent (whom we also assume is positioned at letter B), will be called ‘straight.’ The step taken along the line A.F., moving backward, will be called ‘alien’ or ‘strange.’ The step taken along the line A.C. will be called ‘transversal to his left hand.’ The step taken along the line A.I. will be ‘transversal to his right hand.’ The step taken along the line A.D. will be ‘trepidation to the right hand.’ The step taken along the line A.H. will be ‘trepidation to the left hand.’ The steps taken along the lines A.E-A.G. will be called ‘trepidation, and strange, to the right or left hand.’ The use of each of these steps will be explained in its place.

Lamina quarta del Libro ſegundo

Plate four of the second book.